How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is only a condition of children, but it can affect adults as well. Finding a doctor and treating ADHD can improve the quality of life for a person.
Interviewing the person and their family members could be part of an evaluation for ADHD. The specialist could look over old school records in order to determine if symptoms began as when a child.
Symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying well-organized from time to time, but for someone who suffers from ADHD the issues can be a hindrance with work, school and family life. To be diagnosed with the disorder, one must exhibit severe symptoms in at least two of these areas and demonstrate that the symptoms significantly hinder daily functioning. The symptoms must have been present for a minimum of six months.
A doctor will ask the patient about his or her symptoms, and also regarding any medical issues or family history. They can also use rating scales to measure adult's or child's symptoms. These types of questionnaires are typically based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity and an impulsive nature.
In adult patients, doctors may ask to speak with someone else in the family or who know the patient. This is not meant to challenge the patient's honesty, but rather to gain insight into their behavior that isn't obtained from the answers to a questionnaire. They might inquire about childhood behaviors and use old school records in order to determine whether symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will conduct a physical exam and do tests on the lab to rule out other health conditions, such as head injuries or thyroid issues that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the patient's medications. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and certain medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other issues. This is the reason it's crucial for adults to consult their primary healthcare providers if they think they might have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must occur in more than one setting (like home, school and at work) and significantly interfere with functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and cannot be caused by another disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional or doctor will use a variety of tools during the evaluation, including ADHD symptoms checklists, standardized behavior rating scales and a thorough history. They may interview friends and family members to find out how the patient's symptoms have affected them. They can also inquire whether there are other physical or mental conditions that exhibit similar symptoms.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are mild, moderate or severe. They will also look at the person's medical history and family history to determine if there isn't any underlying cause for their issues like thyroid disorders, head injuries or medication.
In some instances an evaluator might decide to conduct a cognitive test or ask the person to undergo an imaging test to rule out other reasons for their symptoms, including mood disorders, learning disabilities, personality disorders and substance abuse. These people often present differently than those who do not have these issues. Boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive symptoms, while girls display inattentional symptoms.
Some people with ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical trial to try out new treatments. While this is a great way to help further research, it is important for participants to know that the main purpose of these studies is to increase information from the scientific community and does not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more information on clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect they have ADHD it is important to find a specialist trained in diagnosing the disorder. Ask your health insurance provider for confirmation if ADHD specialists are covered. You could also ask your family physician or other healthcare professionals for recommendations. Word-of mouth recommendations are also an alternative.
A doctor will ask the patient - or their parents in the case of children - about their issues. They may use standard questionnaires or ADHD symptom checklists, or ask for details from other people in the person's life, like spouses and family members. Personal insights can reveal more than what can be gleaned from questionnaires.
adhd diagnosed will also want to examine any records that the person may have, particularly old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on a person's history and, in order to be able to identify the condition, symptoms must be present since the age of a child (technically prior to age 12).
Physical examinations are also carried out. It is a way to identify any other medical problems that could be responsible for symptoms, like seizure disorders or thyroid problems. The doctor will usually conduct a neurological exam, that checks for coordination and motor control. Psychological tests, which are designed to test abilities and intelligence, may be utilized as well. A person could also be asked to complete simple computer tasks designed to test memory and attention. This could help the expert determine if someone is hyperactive, inattentive, or impulsive. The expert will decide on the best treatment plan and then make a diagnosis. Treatment plans usually include medication and therapy. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy can teach adults and children healthy coping strategies and alter unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy can be done by the primary care physician or a mental health professional who is specialized in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD improve their condition by taking medications, however it's not the only way to treat the condition. undiagnosed adhd in adults , behavioral therapy or a combination can be beneficial to children, teens and adults. These therapies aid them in coping and cope with their ADHD symptoms. They may also include psychoeducation, which is a form of education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They could include teachers, family members and professionals.
It is crucial to locate a mental health professional or health care professional who has experience in treating ADHD. You can ask others with ADHD for recommendations or a mental healthcare practitioner you trust. You can also do an internet search. It is recommended to find an expert who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To determine if your child has ADHD, the health professional will inquire about your your child's symptoms and problems caused by them. They will conduct an examination and check for any other health issues that could cause similar symptoms. They will look over the medical and family history of you or your child along with school documents and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V), which is primarily geared towards diagnosing children and adolescents, has a harder diagnosis of ADHD in adults. Your doctor will ask you or your child regarding their symptoms, and may request others who spend a lot of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as the methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine and atomoxe, as well nonstimulants such atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They function by increasing and balancing the levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people who suffer from ADHD suffer from comorbid disorders like depression or anxiety. Therefore, treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients could benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps develop skills such as time and task management, emotional self-regulation, and impulse control.
Therapists can also assist patients in managing their symptoms through lifestyle adjustments. Regular exercise can reduce hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthy diet is crucial as well. People suffering from ADHD tend eat more sugar and fat, and less fruit and vegetables. Making social and family relationships a priority can reduce stress and help people feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can help children and adults better comprehend their difficulties. For instance, a child suffering from ADHD might have difficulty communicating their demands to peers and teachers however, once a teacher is aware that it's not due to personal issues or to inattention, accommodations can be provided.
A professional who evaluates ADHD will ask questions that are geared to the individual's age, talk to family members and teachers, look over medical records, and look for any comorbidities. If ADHD symptoms first started before age school records could be helpful for adults.
The doctor will also look for any vision or hearing issues with hearing or vision. They may also do a blood test to determine the presence of certain hormones as well as other health issues that may cause symptoms of ADHD.